| 1938 | Bachelor of Medicine (MB) and Bachelor of Surgery (BS) completed at the University of Adelaide |
| 1940 | DTM completed at the University of Sydney |
| 1940 - 1946 | Served in Egypt and New Guinea as an officer of the Australian Army Medical Corps |
| 1942 | Doctor of Medicine (MD) completed at the University of Adelaide |
| 1944 | Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE, military) |
| 1946 - 1948 | Haley Research Fellow at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research |
| 1948 - 1949 | Rockefeller Travelling Fellow |
| 1949 | David Syme Research Prize received from the University of Melbourne |
| 1949 - 1967 | Professor of Microbiology at the John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, in Canberra |
| 1954 - | Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science (FAA) |
| 1958 - | Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) |
| 1964 - 1965 | President of the Australian Society for Microbiology |
| 1967 | Walter Burfitt Prize received from the Royal Society of New South Wales |
| 1967 - 1973 | Director of the John Curtin School of Medical Research |
| 1973 - 1979 | Director of the Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies, Australian National University |
| 1976 | Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) |
| 1977 | Foreign Associate of the US National Academy of Sciences |
| 1977 - 1980 | Chairman of the World Health Organization's (WHO) Global Commission for the Certification of Smallpox Eradication |
| 1980 | ANZAC Peace Prize received |
| 1980 | ANZAAS Medal received (Australian and New Zealand Association for the Advancement of Science) |
| 1981 - 1985 | Chairman of the WHO Committee on Orthopoxvirus Infections |
| 1983 | Florey Lecture given at the Royal Society |
| 1985 | Burnet Lecture presented to the Australian Academy of Science |
| 1988 | Japan Prize received |
| 1988 | WHO Medal received |
| 1989 | Companion of the Order of Australia (AC) |
| 1994 - | Frank Fenner Medal established to honour the most outstanding PhD thesis submitted each year in the John Curtin School of Medical Research |
| 1995 | Copley Medal received from the Royal Society |
| 1999 | Senior Australian Achiever of the Year award received |
| 2000 | Albert Einstein World Award for Science received |
| 2002 | Clunies Ross Lifetime Contribution Award received |